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Retrieval Augmented Generation (RAG) — An Introduction

The model hallucinated! It was giving me OK answers and then it just started hallucinating. We’ve all heard or experienced it. Natural Language Generation models can sometimes hallucinate, i.e., they start generating text that is not quite accurate for the prompt provided. In layman’s terms, they start making stuff up that’s not strictly related to […]

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Beyond the Code: Unconventional Lessons from Empathetic Interviewing

Recently, I’ve been interviewing Computer Science students applying for data science and engineering internships with a 4-day turnaround from CV vetting to final decisions. With a small local office of 10 and no in-house HR, hiring managers handle the entire process. This article reflects on the lessons learned across CV reviews, technical interviews, and post-interview

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When Physics Meets Finance: Using AI to Solve Black-Scholes

DISCLAIMER: This is not financial advice. I’m a PhD in Aerospace Engineering with a strong focus on Machine Learning: I’m not a financial advisor. This article is intended solely to demonstrate the power of Physics-Informed Neural Networks (PINNs) in a financial context. When I was 16, I fell in love with Physics. The reason was

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Google’s New AI System Outperforms Physicians in Complex Diagnoses

Imagine going to the doctor with a baffling set of symptoms. Getting the right diagnosis quickly is crucial, but sometimes even experienced physicians face challenges piecing together the puzzle. Sometimes it might not be something serious at all; others a deep investigation might be required. No wonder AI systems are making progress here, as we

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The Good-Enough Truth

Could Shopify be right in requiring teams to demonstrate why AI can’t do a job before approving new human hires? Will companies that prioritize AI solutions eventually evolve into AI entities with significantly fewer employees? These are open-ended questions that have puzzled me about where such transformations might leave us in our quest for Knowledge and ‘truth’

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When Predictors Collide: Mastering VIF in Multicollinear Regression

In regression models, the independent variables must be not or only slightly dependent on each other, i.e. that they are not correlated. However, if such a dependency exists, this is referred to as Multicollinearity and leads to unstable models and results that are difficult to interpret. The variance inflation factor is a decisive metric for

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